학급 수업 자료 · Sutjeska National Park · 🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sutjeska National Park

Bosnia's oldest national park, home to one of Europe's last primeval forests

Ancient beech and fir trees towering in the primeval Perućica forest of Sutjeska National Park

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

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Sutjeska National Park, in the southeast of Bosnia and Herzegovina, contains one of the very last truly ancient forests in Europe - a place called Perućica. In this forest, trees have been growing undisturbed for thousands of years, some of them so wide that five children holding hands could barely wrap around the trunk.

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Perućica is what scientists call a 'primeval forest' or 'old-growth forest'. This means no one has ever chopped trees down there, planted new ones, or managed it in any way. The trees grow, fall over, rot, and become soil all by themselves, just as forests did before humans arrived. Because of this, it feels different from an ordinary wood - quieter, darker, and full of life.

Inside Perućica you can find silver fir and European beech trees that are 300 to 400 years old. When one of these giants finally falls, it becomes a 'nurse log' - a rotting trunk covered in moss, fungi, and young seedlings that use it as a stepping stone toward the sunlight. Nothing in the forest is wasted.

The park is also home to the Skakavac waterfall, one of the tallest in the western Balkans, where water drops more than 75 metres in a single leap into a deep green pool. Golden eagles soar above the canyon walls, and lynx, bears, wolves, and chamois all live in the mountain forests.

Sutjeska also has the highest peak in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Maglić Mountain, which reaches 2,386 metres above sea level. Hikers who reach the top on a clear day can see across to Montenegro and sometimes even further.

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토론 질문

  1. 01Why is it important to protect ancient forests that have never been cut down?
  2. 02A 'nurse log' helps new plants grow after a tree falls. Can you think of any other examples in nature where something ending helps something new begin?
  3. 03If you were a scientist studying a primeval forest, what three things would you most want to find out?
  4. 04Why do you think golden eagles need large, wild areas to live in?
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학급 활동

Draw a cross-section of an old forest floor. Show the layers: tall ancient trees at the top, smaller saplings below, then the ground covered with moss and fungi, then the roots underground. Label each layer and explain what lives there.

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